The Authors

Introduction
 Niklas Bender and Gisèle Séginger

Part 1: Rethinking the Order of Time

From Biblical Time to Darwinian Time: Discourses on the Living World in the 18th and 19th Centuries
 Pascal Duris

Memory Strata, Geology and Change of Historical Paradigm in France around 1830
 Paule Petitier

Devilish Words: Pierre Boitard, “maître Georges” and the Advance of Nature
 Claude Blanckaert

From Biological Time to Historical Time: the Category of “Development” (Entwicklung) in the Historical Thought of Herder, Kant, Hegel, and Marx
 Christophe Bouton

“O man! wilt thou never conceive that thou art but an ephemeron?”: the Reception of Geological Deep Time in the Late 18th Century
 David Schulz

Part 2: Atavism and Heredity

The Law of Progress, Atavism, and Prehistory in the Belle Époque
 Arnaud Hurel

Nietzsche, or Culture Put to the Test at the Timescale of Heredity
 Emmanuel Salanskis

Zola, Hereditability of Character and Hereditability of Deviation: After a Remark by Bergson in L’Évolution Créatrice
 Arnaud François

Life, Sex and Temporality in Zola’s La Faute de l’Abbé Mouret
 Rudolf Behrens

Part 3: Nature and Culture

Time of History and Time of Nature in the Historical Novels of Victor Hugo
 Niklas Bender

Historical Time, Cultural Time, and Biological Time in Baudelaire
 Thomas Klinkert

Evolution and Time in the Chants de Maldoror
 Frank Jäger

Memory of the Body in Proust: Historical Time and Biological Time
 Edward Bizub

Part 4: Poetics of Time

The Poetics of Restored Time: Balzac, His Age and the Figure of Cuvier
 Hugues Marchal

The Evolution of Social Species in Balzac’s Comédie humaine
 Sandra Collet

Time as Imagined in the Evolutionary Epic
 Nicolas Wanlin

Evolutionism and Successivity in Antediluviana, Poème géologique by Ernest Cotty (1876)
 Yohann Ringuedé

End of the World, End of Time: the Theory of Evolution and Its Fate in the Novel of Anticipation
 Claire Barel-Moisan

A Biologist Literary History: August Wilhelm Schlegel and the Franco-German Natural Sciences
 Stefan Knödler

Part 5: Biology and Ideology

Evolutionary Time and Revolutionary Time (Michelet, Flaubert, Zola)
 Juliette Azoulai

Michelet and La Mer: Biology and the Philosophy of History
 Gisèle Séginger

“Il faut manger et être mangé pour que le monde vive”: the Zolian Belly amidst Evolution, Revolution, and Convolutions
 Carine Goutaland

Gobineau’s Heroes Are Ageless
 Pierre-Louis Rey

Darwinus anarchistus explodens: Science and the Legend of the Struggle for Life (Louise Michel)
 Claude Rétat

Index

Vereint die Tagungsbeiträge zur deutsch-französischen Doppeltagung “Temps biologique, temps historique” (Forum Scientiarum Tübingen, April 2014, und Fondation des Maisons des sciences de l’homme Paris, Oktober 2014)